Sattriya

Sattriya dance in modern-form was introduced by the Vaishnava saint Shankaradeva in the 15th century A.D in Assam. The art form derives its name from the Vaishnava monasteries known as ‘Sattras’, where it was primarily practised. It finds mention in the ancient text ‘Natya Shastra’ of sage Bharat Muni. It is inspired from Bhakti Movement.

Some of the features of Sattriya dance include: The dance form was an amalgamation of various dance forms prevalent in Assam, mainly Ojapali and Devdasi.  The focus of the Sattriya recitals is own the devotional aspect of dance and narrates mythological stories of Vishnu. Sattriya dance also includes Nritta, Nritya and Natya.  The dance is generally performed in group by male monks known as ‘Bhokots’ as part of their daily rituals or even on festivals. Khol (drum), Cymbals (Manjira) and flute form the major accompanying instruments of this dance form. The songs are composition of Shankaradeva known as ‘Borgeets’.

There is great emphasis on rhythmic syllables and dance postures along with footwork. It combines both Lasya and Tandava elements. The Sattriya dance tradition has strictly laid down rules in respect of hand gestures and footwork, and it plays a very important role. Costumes worn by male dancers are Dhoti, and ‘Paguri’ (turban). While, females wear traditional Assamese jewellery, ‘Ghuri’ and ‘Chador’ made in Pat silk. Waist cloth is worn by both men and women. In the modern times, Sattriya dance has evolved into two separate streams – the Gayan-Bhayanar Nach and the Kharmanar Nach. Ankia Naat: a type of Sattriya, it involves play or musicaldrama.

It was originally written in Assamese-Maithili mix language called Brajavali. It is also called ‘Bhaona’, and involves stories of Lord Krishna.